Animal Profiles
Reptiles

Garter Snake

Thamnophis

Living

Living individuals or members of this group exist today. This does not mean they are safe from extinction.

Garter snakes are adaptable North American snakes. This account describes the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis), a widespread species often associated with damp vegetation and water edges.

Thamnophis sirtalis (garter snake)

Representative species: Thamnophis sirtalis.

At a glance

Habitat
Grassland, Wetlands, Temperate forest, Towns and cities
Diet
Carnivore
Food
Earthworms, amphibians and other small animals.

Classification

Common name
Garter Snake
Browse group
Reptiles
Scientific name or taxon
Thamnophis
Taxon rank
genus
Family
Colubridae
Genus
Thamnophis
Source classification
Reptilia

Taxonomy checked against GBIF. For breeds and hybrids, this describes the listed parent taxon.

Three things to know

  • Its stripe pattern varies between populations.
  • It often hunts near water.
  • Cold-region populations use winter shelters.

Habitat and range

Common garter snakes occur across much of North America. Meadows, marshes, woodland edges and gardens can provide cover and prey, with moist grassy areas particularly useful.

Appearance and adaptations

Three pale lengthwise stripes are typical, but colours and patterns vary considerably. Darker backgrounds may be brown, olive, grey or nearly black.

Diet and behaviour

Earthworms, amphibians, fish and other small animals are eaten. Vision and chemical cues help locate prey. Seasonal behaviour includes communal winter shelters in colder regions and daytime basking when conditions permit.

Sources

Explore reptiles

Browse all reptiles